PRATIYOGITA DUNIYA: MCQs on Universe/Sun/Planets/Earth-4

76. Consider the following two statements, one labeled as the Assertion (A) and the

other as Reason (R). Examine these two statements carefully and select the

correct answer using the codes given below:

Assertion (A): The same face of the Moon is always presented to the Earth.

Reason (R): The Moon rotates about its own axis in days which is about the same

time that it takes to orbit the earth.

Codes:

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

(d) A is false, but R is true.

77. Consider the following two statements. One labeled as the Assertion (A) and other

as Reason (R). Examine these two statements carefully and select the correct

answer by using the codes given below.

Assertion (A): Existence of human life on Venus is highly improbable.

Reason (R): Venus has extremely high level of carbon dioxide in its atmosphere.

Codes:

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

(d) A is false, but R is true.

78. The term syzygy is referred to when

(a) The Earth is at perihelion and the Moon at perigee.

(b) The Earth is at aphelion and the Moon at apogee.

(d) The Moon, Sun and Earth lie along a straight line.

79. Consider the following two statements, one labelled as the Assertion (A) and the

other as Reason (R). Examine these two statements carefully and select the

correct answer by using the codes given below:

Assertion (A): To orbit around Sun, the planet Mars takes lesser time than time

taken by the Earth.

Reason (R): The diameter of the planet Mars is less than that of the Earth.

Codes:

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

(d) A is false, but R is true.

80. The twinkling of a star is due to

(a) the variation in the intensity of light emitted by it with time.

(b) the variation in the composition of the star with time.

(d) the atmospheric refraction of starlight.

81. Which of the following phenomenon is/are the effect of the rotation of the earth?

1. Apparent movement of the Sun, the Moon and the Stars.

2. Flatness of the poles and bulge at the equator.

3. Occurrence of sunrise, noon and sunset.

4. Magnetic field of the earth.

Select the correct answer by using the codes given below:

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

82. What is meant by the eclipse of Moon?

(a) It occurs when the Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon and the centers of

all three are on the same straight line.

(b) It is path along which the moon revolves.

and horizontal at midnight.

(d) When the Moon comes between the Sun and the Earth, it causes the shadows of

the Moon to fall on Earth.

83. Consider the following statements:

1. The albedo of an object determines its visual brightness when viewed with reflected

light.

2. The albedo of Mercury is much greater than the albedo of the Earth.

Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

84. The inexhaustible source of energy of the stars is due to

(a) decay of radioactive elements.

(b) conversion of Hydrogen to Helium.

(d) excess of oxygen that helps burning and release of energy.

85. Consider the following statements

1. The Earth receives the Sun’s energy at the infrared end of the spectrum.

2. The Earth re-radiates the Sun’s heat as ultraviolet energy.

Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

86. Consider the following statements regarding asteroids and comets?

1. Asteroids are small rocky planetoids, while comets are formed of frozen gases held

together by rocky and metallic material.

2. Asteroids are found mostly between the orbits of Jupiter and Mars, while comets

are found mostly between Venus and Mercury.

3. Comets show a perceptible glowing tail, while asteroids do not.

Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 1 and 2 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

87. The Blue Moon phenomenon occurs

(a) when two full moons occur in the same month.

(b) when two full moons appear in the same month thrice in a calendar year.

(d) None of the above

88. Consider the following two statements, one labelled as the Assertion (A) and other

as Reason (R). Examine these two statements carefully and select the correct

answer by using the code given below:

Assertion (A): Comets revolve round the sun only in long elliptical orbit.

Reason (R): A comet develops a tail when it gets close to the sun.

Codes:

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

(d) A is false, but R is true.

89. The eclipse of Sun occurs

(a) when the Moon comes between the Sun and the Earth.

(b) when the Earth comes between the Sun and Moon.

(d) None of these

90. Consider the following statements:

1. The Earth is nearest to the Sun on about January 3.

2. Earth is farthest from the Sun on about July 4.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

91. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below

the lists

List-I List-II

(Planets) (Satellites)

A. Mars 1. Tethys

B. Jupiter 2. Deimos

C. Saturn 3. Europa

D. Uranus 4. Titania

Codes:

A B C D

(a) 1 2 3 4

(b) 2 3 1 4

(d) 4 3 2 1

92. Consider the following statements:

1. The nearest large galaxy of Milky Way is the Andromeda galaxy.

2. The Sun’s nearest known star is a red dwarf star called Proxima Centauri, at a

distance of 4.3 light years away.

Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

93. Consider the following two statements, one labelled as the Assertion (A) and other

as Reason (R). Examine these two statements carefully and select the correct

answer by using the codes given below:

Assertion (A): The planet Neptune appears blue in colour.

Reason (R): The presence of Methane gas in the atmosphere of Neptune is

responsible for its colour.

Codes:

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

(d) A is false, but R is true.

94. Consider the following statements:

1. Since Venus is seen in the East in morning and in the West in evening. It is called

‘Morning star’ as well as ‘Evening star’.

2. The Earth looks blue when seen from the space due to the presence of large

amount of water, hence it is called ‘Blue Planet’.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

95. Consider the following two statements, one labelled as the Assertion (A) and other

as Reason (R). Examine these two statements carefully and select the correct

answer by using the codes given below:

Assertion (A): Venus is the brightest object in the sky after sunset.

Reason (R): Venus is the second planet from the Sun in our solar system.

Codes:

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

(d) A is false, but R is true.

96. Consider the following statements:

1. Our solar system is located in the orion arm of the Milky way galaxy, about two-third

of the way out from the centre.

2. The solar system formed from an interstellar cloud of dust and gas or nebulla about

4.6 billion years ago.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

97. There are two statements, one labelled as the Assertion (A) and other as Reason

(R). Examine these two statements carefully and select the correct answer by

using the codes given below:

Assertion (A): According to Nova hypothesis, Solar planets were formed because

of explosion of Super Nova.

Reason (R): A star becomes Super Nova in that stage when it has lack of

hydrogen element.

Codes:

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

(d) A is false, but R is true.

98. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below

the lists:

List-I List-II

(Planets) (Satellites)

A. Earth 1. Triton

B. Jupiter 2. Titan

C. Saturn 3. Ganymede

D. Neptune 4. Moon

Codes:

A B C D

(a) 1 2 3 4

(b) 2 1 3 4

(d) 3 4 2 1

99. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below

the list:

List-I List-II

A. Planet 1. Moon

B. Satellite 2. Uranus

C. Comet 3. Mariner

D. Artificial

satellite

4. Halley

Codes:

A B C D

(a) 2 1 4 3

(b) 1 2 3 4

(d) 2 1 3 4

100. Consider the following statements:

1. Only two planets Venus and Uranus revolve around the sun from east to west i.e.,

clockwise.

2. While other planets revolve around the sun from west to east i.e., anti-clockwise.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Answer Key:

76. (a) The same side of the Moon is always faces the Earth because the Moon spins

once on its axis in exactly the same amount of time that the Moon revolves

around the Earth.

77. (a) Existence of human life on Venus is highly improbable because Venus has

extremely high level of carbon dioxide in its atmosphere.

78. (d) The term SYZYGY is referred to when the moon, sun and earth lie along a

straight line. As seen from the Earth, a solar eclipse is a type of eclipse that

occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, and the Moon fully

or partially blocks (“occults”) the Sun. This can happen only at new moon,

when the Sun and the Moon are in conjunction as seen from Earth in an

alignment referred to as SYZYGY. In a total eclipse, the disk of the Sun is fully

obscured by the Moon. In partial and annular eclipses only part of the Sun is

obscured.

79. (d) The diameter of the planet Mars is less than that of the Earth. Mars has

approximately half the diameter of Earth. It is less dense than Earth, having

about 15% of Earth’s volume and 11% of the mass. Its diameter is 6,779 Kms.

It takes more time than Earth to orbit around the sun.

80. (d) Twinkling of stars is due to the atmospheric refraction of stars. Stars twinkle

because of turbulence in the atmosphere of the Earth. As the atmosphere

churns, the light from the star is refracted in different directions. This causes

the star’s image to change slightly in brightness and position, hence “twinkle.”

This is one of the reasons the Hubble telescope is so successful: in space,

there is no atmosphere to make the stars twinkle, allowing a much better

image to be obtained.

81. (d) All the given phenomena are the effect of the rotation of the earth. The Earth

rotates from the west towards the east. As viewed from the North Star or

polestar Polaris, the Earth turns counter-clockwise.

82. (a) Eclipse of moon occurs when the Earth comes between the Sun and Moon it

causes the shadow of the Earth to fall on Moon. A lunar eclipse can only happen during a full moon.

83. (a) The albedo of an object determines its visual brightness when viewed with

reflected light. Albedo is the fraction of solar energy (shortwave radiation)

reflected from the Earth back into space. It is a measure of the reflectivity of

the earth’s surface.

84. (b) The inexhaustible source of energy of the stars is due to conversion of

Hydrogen to Helium. In the interior of a star, the particles move rapidly in every

direction because of the high temperatures present. Every so often a proton

moves close enough to a nucleus to be captured, and a nuclear reaction takes

place. Only protons of extremely high energy (many times the average energy

in a star such as the Sun) are capable of producing nuclear events of this kind.

A minimum temperature required for fusion is roughly 10 million K. Since the

energies of protons are proportional to temperature, the rate of energy

production rises steeply as temperature increases.

85. (d) The sun radiates vast quantities of energy into space, across a wide spectrum

of wavelengths. Most of the radiant energy from the sun is concentrated in the

visible and near-visible parts of the spectrum. The narrow band of visible light,

between 400 and 700 nm, represents 43% of the total radiant energy emitted.

Wavelengths shorter than the visible account for 7 to 8% of the total, but are

extremely important because of their high energy per photon. The shorter the

wavelength of light, the more energy it contains.

86. (c) Asteroids are small rocky planetoids. They are small, airless rocky worlds

revolving around the sun that are too small to be called planets. They are also

known as planetoids or minor planets. In total, the mass of all the asteroids is

less than that of Earth’s moon. Comets are formed of frozen gases held

together by rocky and metallic material. Comets show a perceptible glowing

tail while asteroids do not.

87. (a) Blue moon phenomenon occurs when two full moons occurs in the same

month. A blue moon is the second full moon in a calendar month. For a blue

moon to occur the first of the full moons must appear at or near the beginning

of the month so that the second will fall within the same month (the average

span between two moons is 29.5 days).

88. (b) Comets revolve around the sun only in long elliptical orbit. A comet develops a

tail when it gets close to the Sun.

89. (a) The eclipse of Sun occurs when the Moon comes between Sun and the Earth.

The Moon orbits the Earth once a month, and eclipses happen if it lines up

exactly with the Earth and the Sun. Solar eclipses occur at New Moon, when

the Moon is between Earth and the Sun. Lunar eclipses occur at Full Moon,

when Earth is between the Sun and the Moon. Eclipses do not take place

every month because the orbits of the Moon and Earth are tilted at an angle.

Most of the time, the line- up is not precise enough for an eclipse.

90. (c) On January 3, our Earth made its closest approach to the Sun for the year--

an event astronomers call perihelion. At perihelion, the Earth is about 147.5

million km away from the Sun. The Earth is farthest from the Sun on 4th July.

91. (b) Deimos is the satellite of Mars. Europa is the satellite of Jupiter. Tethys is the

satellite of Saturn. Titania is the satellite of Uranus.

92. (c) The nearest large galaxy of Milky Way is Andromeda galaxy. At a distance of

about 2.5 million light years, the Andromeda galaxy (also known as NGC 224

and M31) is the nearest galaxy to the Earth apart from smaller companion

galaxies such as the Magellanic Clouds. The Sun’s nearest known star is a red

dwarf star called Proxima Centauri, at a distance of 4.3 light years away.

93. (a) Neptune’s atmosphere is made up of hydrogen, helium and methane. The

methane in Neptune’s upper atmosphere absorbs the red light from the sun

but reflects the blue light from the Sun back into space. This is why Neptune

appears blue.

94. (c) The earth looks blue when seen from the space due to the presence of large

amount of water.

95. (b) Venus is the brightest object in the sky after Sunset. Venus is the second

planet from the sun in our solar system.

96. (c) Our solar system is located in the orion arm of the milky way galaxy, about

two-third of the way out from the centre. The sun is about 26,000 light-years

from the center of the Milky Way Galaxy, which is about 80,000 to 120,000

light-years across (and less than 7,000 light-years thick). We are located on

one of its spiral arms, out towards the edge. It takes the sun (and our solar

system) roughly 200-250 million years to orbit once around the Milky Way. In

this orbit, we (and the rest of the Solar System) are traveling at a velocity of

about 155 miles/sec (250 km/sec).

97. (b) According to Nova hypothesis, Solar planets were formed because of

explosion of Super Nova. A star becomes Super Nova in that stage when it

has lack of hydrogen elements. A supernova happens where there is a change

in the core, or center, of a star. A change can occur in two different ways, with

both resulting in a supernova.

The first type of supernova happens in binary star systems. Binary stars are two

stars that orbit the same point. One of the stars, a carbon-oxygen white dwarf,

steals matter from its companion star. Eventually, the white dwarf accumulates

too much matter. Having too much matter causes the star to explode, resulting

in a supernova.

The second type of supernova occurs at the end of a single star’s lifetime. As the

star runs out of nuclear fuel, some of its mass flows into its core. Eventually,

the core is so heavy that it cannot withstand its own gravitational force. The

core collapses, which results in the giant explosion of a supernova. The sun is

a single star, but it does not have enough mass to become a supernova.

98. (c) Moon is the satellite of Earth. Ganymede is the satellite of Jupiter. Triton is the

satellite of Neptune. Titan is the satellite of Saturn.

99. (a) Uranus is a planet. Moon is a satellite. Halley is a comet. Mariner is an

artificial satellite. The Mariner program was conducted by the American space

agency NASA in conjunction with Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) that

launched a series of robotic interplanetary probes designed to investigate

Mars, Venus and Mercury from 1962 to 1973. The program included a number

of firsts, including the first planetary flyby, the first pictures from another planet,

the first planetary orbiter, and the first gravity assist maneuver.

100. (c) Only two planets Venus and Uranus revolve around the sun from east to west

while other planets revolve around the sun from west to east.

Saturday, 4 May 2024

MCQs on Universe/Sun/Planets/Earth-4

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